IMPLEMENTASI PERIZINAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP PETERNAKAN AYAM BERDASARKAN PERATURAN DAERAH NOMOR 5 TAHUN 2018 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI KECAMATAN SEBERIDA

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Penelitian ini membahas implementasi perizinan lingkungan terhadap usaha peternakan ayam berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Nomor 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup di Kecamatan Seberida, Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya usaha peternakan ayam yang berpotensi menimbulkan dampak lingkungan, seperti pencemaran udara, limbah peternakan, serta gangguan kenyamanan masyarakat sekitar. Di sisi lain, tingkat kepatuhan pelaku usaha terhadap kewajiban perizinan lingkungan masih belum optimal, khususnya pada peternakan skala kecil dan menengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi perizinan lingkungan terhadap peternakan ayam, faktor-faktor yang menghambat pelaksanaannya, serta upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah daerah dalam mengoptimalkan pelaksanaan perizinan lingkungan di Kecamatan Seberida.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis dengan pendekatan empiris. Sumber data terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui wawancara, observasi, studi kepustakaan, dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan dengan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup, Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu, Dinas Pertanian dan Perikanan, pihak kecamatan, DPRD Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu, pelaku usaha peternakan ayam, serta masyarakat sekitar. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori pelayanan publik, teori perizinan, dan teori pengawasan sebagai pisau analisis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi perizinan lingkungan terhadap peternakan ayam di Kecamatan Seberida telah dilaksanakan melalui sistem Online Single Submission Risk Based Approach (OSS RBA) dengan melibatkan berbagai instansi terkait. Namun, implementasinya belum berjalan secara optimal karena masih terdapat pelaku usaha peternakan yang belum memiliki izin lingkungan dan belum memenuhi standar pengelolaan lingkungan hidup sebagaimana diatur dalam Peraturan Daerah Nomor 5 Tahun 2018. Faktor penghambat implementasi perizinan lingkungan meliputi rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat, kurangnya pemahaman mengenai prosedur perizinan, keterbatasan literasi digital, minimnya pengawasan, serta kurangnya pembinaan teknis dari pemerintah daerah. Upaya yang dilakukan pemerintah daerah dalam optimalisasi perizinan lingkungan dilakukan melalui sosialisasi, pembinaan, pendampingan teknis, koordinasi antarinstansi, serta pengawasan dan penegakan sanksi administratif secara bertahap. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas implementasi perizinan lingkungan sangat dipengaruhi oleh sinergi antarinstansi, peningkatan kapasitas pelaku usaha, dan konsistensi pengawasan pemerintah daerah dalam mewujudkan perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup yang berkelanjutan.

This study examines the implementation of environmental licensing for poultry farming businesses based on Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2018 concerning Environmental Protection and Management in Seberida District, Indragiri Hulu Regency. This research is motivated by the increasing number of poultry farming businesses that potentially cause environmental impacts, such as air pollution, livestock waste, and disturbances to the comfort of surrounding communities. On the other hand, the level of compliance of business actors with environmental licensing obligations remains suboptimal, particularly among small and medium-scale poultry farms. This study aims to determine the implementation of environmental licensing for poultry farming businesses, identify the factors inhibiting its implementation, and analyze the efforts undertaken by the local government to optimize the implementation of environmental licensing in Seberida District.

This research employed a sociological legal research method with an empirical approach. The data sources consisted of primary and secondary data obtained through interviews, observations, library research, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with the Environmental Agency, the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Service Office, the Agriculture and Fisheries Office, sub-district authorities, the Regional House of Representatives of Indragiri Hulu Regency, poultry farm business actors, and surrounding communities. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively using public service theory, licensing theory, and supervision theory as analytical frameworks. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of environmental licensing for poultry farming businesses in Seberida District has been carried out through the Online Single Submission Risk Based Approach (OSS RBA) system involving various related institutions. However, its implementation has not yet been fully effective because there are still poultry farming businesses that do not possess environmental permits and have not fulfilled environmental management standards as stipulated in Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2018. The inhibiting factors include low public legal awareness, lack of understanding regarding licensing procedures, limited digital literacy, inadequate supervision, and insufficient technical guidance from the local government. The efforts made by the local government to optimize environmental licensing include socialization programs, guidance, technical assistance, inter-agency coordination, as well as supervision and gradual enforcement of administrative sanctions. This study concludes that the effectiveness of environmental licensing implementation is strongly influenced by inter-agency synergy, improvement of business actors’ capacities, and consistent supervision by the local government in realizing sustainable environmental protection and management.