PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PENAMBANGAN EMAS ILEGAL DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEPOLISIAN SEKTOR PERANAP

Abstrak

Penambangan emas ilegal di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Sektor Peranap semakin marak dan menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan serta menurunnya efektivitas penegakan hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana penambangan emas ilegal, mengidentifikasi faktor penghambat yang dihadapi aparat kepolisian, dan menganalisis upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-sosiologis, dengan data diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan pihak terkait di Polsek Peranap, kuesioner, kajian dokumen hukum, dan analisis literatur. Populasi dan sampel adalah keseluruhan pihak yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti, yang menjadi populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Kepala Unit Reskrim Kepolisian Sektor Kecamatan Peranap, Penyidik Unit Reskrim Kepolisian Sektor Kecamatan Peranap, dan Kepala Desa Se Kecamatan Peranap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum di Kepolisian Sektor Peranap dilakukan melalui pendekatan preventif berupa sosialisasi dan patroli, serta pendekatan represif melalui penyelidikan, penyidikan, dan penindakan hukum. Namun, penegakan hukum tersebut masih kurang efektif karena keterbatasan sarana, kondisi geografis yang sulit dijangkau, rendahnya kesadaran hukum masyarakat, dan lemahnya koordinasi antarinstansi. Upaya peningkatan yang direkomendasikan meliputi penguatan kapasitas aparat, peningkatan fasilitas operasional seperti speedboat dan motor trail, peningkatan sosialisasi hukum, koordinasi lintas lembaga, dan pengawasan terhadap peredaran hasil tambang ilegal.

Illegal gold mining activities in the jurisdiction of the Peranap Police Sector have increased and caused environmental damage as well as reduced the effectiveness of law enforcement. This study aims to describe the law enforcement process against illegal gold mining crimes, identify the inhibiting factors faced by law enforcement officers, and analyze the efforts undertaken to overcome these obstacles. This study uses a juridical-sociological approach, with data obtained through direct interviews with related parties at the Peranap Sector Police, questionnaires, legal document reviews, and literature analysis. The population and sample include all parties related to the issue being studied, with the population and sample in this study being the Head of the Criminal Investigation Unit of the Peranap Subdistrict Police Sector, Investigators of the Criminal Investigation Unit of the Peranap Subdistrict Police Sector, and Village Heads throughout Peranap Subdistrict. The findings indicate that law enforcement at the Peranap Police Sector is carried out through preventive approaches like socialization and patrols, and repressive approaches including investigation, inquiry, and legal action. However, effectiveness remains limited due to operational constraints, challenging geography, low public legal awareness, and weak inter-agency coordination. Recommended improvements include strengthening officer capacity, enhancing operational facilities such as speedboats and trail motorcycles, intensifying legal socialization, inter-agency coordination, and supervision of illegal mining outputs.