PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA LOVE SCAMMING DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEPOLISIAN DAERAH SUMATERA BARAT

Abstrak

Fenomena Love Scamming sebagai bentuk penipuan digital berbasis relasi asmara semakin marak terjadi di era perkembangan teknologi informasi. Pelaku kejahatan memanfaatkan platform media sosial dan aplikasi kencan untuk membangun hubungan emosional palsu demi keuntungan finansial. Di wilayah Sumtera Barat, kasus Love Scamming menjadi perhatian karena korbannya mayoritas adalah perempuan yang mudah diperdaya oleh modus tipu daya asmara digital. Penegakan hukum terhadap kasus ini menghadapi tantangan tersendiri karena karakteristik kejahatannya yang bersifat siber dan lintas batas. Kepolisian, dalam hal ini Polda Sumatera Barat, memiliki peran penting dalam menanggulangi kejahatan ini melalui pendekatakan preventif maupun represif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis sosiologis dengan pendekatakan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan penyidik Unit Siber Subdit V Ditreskrimsus Polda Sumatera Barat serta penyebaran kuesioner kepada masyarakat sebagai korban potensial. Sumber data meliputi bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, bahan hukum sekunder dari literatur ilmiah, dan bahan hukum tersier sebagai pendukung. Peneliti ini juga menggunakan analisis data secara kualitatif dengan pendekatakan dedukatif untuk menarik kesimpulan dari temuan empiris di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum terhadap tindak pidana Love Scamming oleh Polda Sumatera Barat belum berjalan optimal. Upaya preventif seperti penyuluhan digital masih terbatas, dan upaya represif menghadapi kendala dalam pelacakan digital, keterbatasan SDM, serta lemahnya koordinasi antar lembaga. Mayoritas kasus terhenti di tahap penyelidikan karena bukti digital yang sulit diakses dan identitas pelaku yang samar. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan teori penegakan hukum dari Soerjono Soekanto dan teori pembaharuan hukum dari Barda Nawawi Arief. Diperlukan pembaruan sistem dan regulasi, serta peningkatakan kapasitas institusional agar kejahatan Love Scamming dapat ditangani secara lebih efektif dan berkeadilan.

The phenomenon of love scamming, a form of digital fraud based on deceptive romantic relationships, has increasingly emerged in line with the rapid advancement of information technology. Offenders exploit social media platforms and dating apps to build false emotional connections with the intent of financial exploitation. In West Sumatra, this type of crime has raised significant concern , as most victims are women who are easily manipulated by the emotional traps of online romance. Law enforcement efforts face unique challenges due to the cross- border and cyber nature of the crime, placing the West Sumatra Regional Police (Polda Sumatera Barat) at the forefront of both preventive and repressive measures. This study employs a sociological juridical research method with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews with investigators from Subdirectorate V of the Special Criminal Investigation Directorate (Ditreskrimsus) at Polda Sumbar, as well as questionnaires distributed to members of the public considered potential victims. Sources of data included primary legal materials (statutory regulations), secondary materials (legal literature), and tertiary materials as supporting references. The data were analyzed qualitatively and conclusions were drawn using a deductive reasoning method to interpret the empirical findings. The results of the study indicate that law enforcement against love scamming in West Sumatra remains suboptimal. Preventive efforts, such as digital literacy outreach, are still limited in reach and consistency. Repressive measures face obstacles such as difficulties in digital tracking, limited human resources, and weak inter-agency coordination. Most cases stall during the investigation stage due to insufficient digital evidence and anonymous perpetrator identities. The analysis uses Soerjono Soekanto’s theory of law enforcement and Barda Nawawi Arief’s theory of legal reform. The study concludes that legal system reform and institutional capacity-building are urgently needed to effectively and fairly combat love scamming crimes.